Steam-engine.



Patented 0st. 99, 1918.

fino/:Maag

UNITE STATES nTENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH C. GASKILL. F OSWEGO, NEW YORK. ASSIGNOR TO AMES IRON WORKS, 0F

l OSWEGQ. NEW YORK, A CORPDRATION OF NEW YORK.' i

STEAM-ENGINE." Y

'Appnaami 1aed August 19. 191s. siiaim. 4630.835

To rh/ :cho/1i it may concr'ri y llc it hnown that l. Joni-:ruy t'. Gaslini., a

citizvn oi' lhv `Vnitvd Statvs. i'vsiding at t Usnvg'o. ln thv countr ot Uswvgo and Stato Specification of Letters lateln;k

ni.V This nn'vntiou rvlatva to stvani vngmvf` and ha` spccial lviivlvncv4 to vnginvh4 having a cylindvr providvd with valvv controlled inlvls at ,it vnd and piston controlled cvntlal outlvt portan thvsc vngiuvs living: conliuonly rlvaigrnatvd as oi thv Imation tvpv` Vln vng'invs of this dvscription it is frvquvut that thv vngrinvl arc u vll vithvr as condvnsingr or non-condvnraingy and .italm frvquvnthY happvns that. through sonraci-idcnt or disarrangvlnvnt of thv pa1t .the i vacuum which should hv producvd in a condvnsing .vng'ine is hrolivu so that thv engine virtually hvconivs a non-vondvnaing.' vnginv. 'lhisirvsults `in an nnduv compl-vasion of thv stvain. remaining in thv cylindvr after vxhaust. hvtwvvn thv piaton and thv cylinder hvad.

(luv principal olijvct of thv'invvntion is to orvrcoinv this dif'liculiy hy providingr lncans for autonmticall increasing: thv compression spacv whvnvvvr thv vacuum ia broken or rvducvd. A

A svcond important ohjvct of thv invention is' to proridv 4ilnprovvd invano` for accomplishing this ohjvvt in Huch manner as to diapvnsv with all auxiliar)v exhaust valves and valvo gear; i'

A third object of the invention is to provide an ilnin'ovvd and simplified automatic lnvans controllahlv` hy thv dvg'ree of vacuum.y in thv vxhaust pipe or space ofthv vnglne fol"l 40 opi-ning and closing communication between the interior of a cylinder and an auxiliary compression chamber. Y f

lvith the ahove and other ohjvcta in `view thv iurvntion consists in gvuvral of certain norvl details* of constrmtlion and comhinations of .parts livrei-nattvr fully described, illustrated in thv accompanying drawings and specifically claimed.

lnthe accompanying drawings like charactors of reference indicate like parts in thc several Views, and l Figure l is a longitiidii d `vcrtioahSvction throiigrh one vnd. ofytnt uf; l T lind/vr showi ing the ilmirovvinvnta ijf lli prese/ht inven- 55 ytion appli t thvrvt i Patented Fig.

oet. 29.1918.

l. cvrtiiin vof th'v tarts .living siliowy'inin` 'olcy ration. v i t ia n l i i ln thv vnihodnuvnt of thv invvn'tion herein illuatratvilthtrrvi di'sclosvd an vnginv crlinl 60 othvr vntl hvin'gsiinilar "in constructibn and' hvuig` onuttvd for thv stakvof showing: the

dvvirv on a larger scalv. V Fornnu r part ofthiav'rlindvr. at vach .end

is a hvad l1 whv'rvin is proridvdan intakeV passage 12 controllvd hjv ai v'alrv 13 and opl-ning' into thv cylinder through a port lntvrnivdiatv thv vn'dfsi ofthv cylinder are: providvd vxhanst ports "15 \\'hclro|`ivn finto tvr of thv v vlindvnl() and'haring airvxhauSt fitting 1i torinvfl in coni'ivction lthvrvwith so that thv vxhauat chainhvr ma)v hveolunoctvd to an)l auitahlv ci'iinlvnsvr (not shown). The' piston 1T is proriilvd with thv'usual pihton rod 1S' and thv sfroltv ot' thc vngrinvY and di'- incnaionaoi thv piston arc such that when thv piston is .at ouv vnd of thv clrlhidvrthc exhaust ports la will hv open to thv othvry sectirvd in position hy any suitable lnvan. asu

br bolts 23. This cage is prortidedon*L the /s/iid adjavvnt thv passage 21 with n ralve'seat trolling thv passagemf ste-ain between the ntvrior of thv tcylinder to thc chamber and thv valve is, provided with a Stem 25 havinglr a piston 26 on its lower end which is mounted in a cylinder 27 fixed to the "alve cagv in an)Y suitable mannenas by bolts 28. Vl'ithin the cylindvr '2.7 adjacent its head is a followvr 2) the position 0f which may 'be rvgnlatvd hy an adjusting bolt 30 and between this follower and thepiston 96 is a compression spring 31, whose normal tendvnc is to lift the piston and move the valve 24 ott vita seat. thereby' opening communication hvtwvvn the cylndvr 10 and chamber 20. In ordvr to hold the4 valve 24 on its seat whvn the engine is operating as a. condensing engine the chamber 16 is connected t0 the cylinder 27 by a `pipe '32 so that when `a `whvrvon ianorlnally seateda valve 24 con-f` valve 24.

vacuum is established in thc chamber 16 by the condensation of the steam a similar vacuum will bc formedfin the cylinder 27 and the pistonQG-draw downward against the spring 31 thereby cutting ott communication between the cylinder 10,aud chamber 20. So long as the proper degree'of vacuum is maintained the valve will remain closed. If, however, thc vacuum be broken or reduced beyond u point determined by the ad justment. of the bolt 30, the valve 24 will open and the residue steam will not be confined in space between piston 17', cylinder head 11, and valve 24 thusundulycompressing this residue steam but will be allowed to enter the supplemental chamber 2O thereby preventing excessive compression in the cylinder 10 as would be present were this steam to be compressed in the cylinder 10 between the piston 17, cylinder head 11, and

.The space above pistonQG is placed in communication with the atmosphere by a vent 33, here represented as formed in the wall of the valve-cage 22.

lVhat is claimed is:

1. A steam engine `having an auxiliaiy compression chamberrand a steam cylinder communicating with the chamber, said steam cylinder being provided with an exhaust, and mean` operable bythe pressure in the exhaust through a communicating connection from the exhaust, to govern the communication between said Steam cylinder and said compression chamber before exccssivc compression occurs in the steam eylinder.

QCA steam engine having an auxiliary compression chamber and a steam cylinder communicating therewith said steam cylinder being provided with an exhaust, a valved means controlling the 'communication between the cylinder and chamber, a communi eating connectionbetween thc exhaust and tin` valvcd means, said valvcd means controllcd by the pressure in the exhaust tc govt-rn the opening and closing ofthe valvcd mea s, before excessive compression occurs in tlile steam cylinder.

o'. A steam engine having, an auxiliary compression chamber and a steam cylinderl communicating therewith, said steam cylinder hcingprovidcd with an exhaust, a valve controlling the communication between the cylinder and chamber and provided with a stem, a valve piston on said stem, Ia valve cylinder wherein tlic valve piston moves, a spring in the valve cylinder urging said valve to open, and a pipe connecting the exhaust and valve cylinder.

4. A steam engine having an auxiliary compression chamber and a steam cylinder communicating therewith. said steam cylinder being provided with an exhaust, a valve controlling the communication between the cylinder and chamber and provided with a stem, a valve iston on said stem, a valve cylinderwhereln the valve piston moves, a spring in the valve cylinder urging said valve to open, means to vary the tension of said spring and a )ipe connecting the exhaust and valve cylinder.

5. The combination with a steam engine cylinder, of a clearance pocket communicating therewith, a valve controlling the outlet from said evhnder to said pocket, means to hold the va ve open when the engine is un ning noncondensing, and means controlled by vacuum in the exhaust pipe ofthe engine. to close said valve when the engine is running condensin (i. The combination with a steam engine cylinder, of a closed clearance chamber communicating therewith, a valve controlling.r the communication betwen said cylinder and chamber, and means controlled by vacuum in the exhaust pipe to close said valve when vacuum exists and open said valve when the, vacuum fails.

7. The combination with a steam engine cylinder, of a closed clearance chamber communicating therewith, a valve controlling said communication, a small cylinder, a piston therein connected to the valve. and a pipe connecting one end of the small tylinf' der and the e. nist pipe of the engine, the other end of the small cylinder having a vent.

8. The combination with a steam engine cylinder, of a closed clearance chamber communicating therewith, a valve controlling` said communication, a small cylinder, a piston therein connected to the valve, a pipe connecting one end of the small cylinderand the exhaust pipe of the engine, thc other end of the small cylinder having vt-1n, and a spring coperating with the pis' tfn and tending to open the valve.

ti. The combination with a steam cnginc cylinder, of a closed clearance chamber cornmuuicating therewith. a valve controlling `said comnumication and opening inwardlyy with respect to the cylinder, a piston con- `nected to said valve and exposed on one side to atmospheric pressure and on the opposite side to the exhaust pressure of the engine, whcreby, when vacuum exists. the. atmos heric pressure will shift the piston and c ose the valve, and means tending to open the valve.

10. The combination with a steam engine cylinder, of a closed clearance chamber communicating therewith` a valve controlling the communication between said cylinder and chamber, a piston connected to the valve, means to shift said piston and hold thcr valve open when the enginc is running non-condensing, and a connection from one side of thc piston to the exhaust passage of the engine, adapted `to shift said piston and Close the Valve when vacuum exists in the exhaust passage.

11. Thel eondnnation wit-h a steam engine cylinder. of a clearance pocket eonnnunieating therewith, a Yalve controllin; Ir said ront munication and arranged to open iuwardl \r to the eylinder, nieans to hohl said valve open while the engine is running' non-eendensing. and means actuated hy vaelnnn in the exhaust passage of the engine to hold said valve elosed while the engine is run ningeondensing.

12. The combination with a steam engine cylinder. of a closed clearance chamber coinnnlnicating therewith, a valve controlling ronnnunieation with said chamber, and lneans governed hy variations of pressure in the exhaust pipe of the engine. for holding said valve closed whelrthe engine is runningr eondensing and for holding said valve open when it is running uon-eo1nlensi1nn 13. A steam engine having an auxiliary compression chamber and a steam cylinder communicating therewith, said steam eylinder being provided with an exhaust', a valve controlling the communication between the cylinder and chamber and provided with a stem, a valve-operating piston onvsaid stein, a. cylinder wherein the, piston moves, a spring n the cylinder urging said valve to open. and a pipe eonneetinplr the exhaust and said ehvlinder t 1l. steam engine havingr an auxiliary compression ehauiher and a steam cylinder eonnnunieatin; r therewith. said steam. cylinder being prnvided with au exhaust'. a valve eontrolliug the connnunieation between the vlinder and ehaniher and provided with a. stein. a valve-operaiing;r piston on said stein, a cylinder wherein the piston moves` a spring! iu the e'vlinder urging said valve to open. lneans to var)` the tension of said spring` and a pipe connecting the` exhaust and said cylinder.

15. 'lhe eoinbination with a steam engine cylinder. ol' a closed elearanee chainher noniniuuieating therewith. a valve eontrolling said eonununieation, a small cylinder, a pistou. therein connected to the valve, and a pipe connu-ting one end of the sin-al] cylinder and the exhaust pipe or' the engine7 th"l other end of the small cylinder having a. vent` and a spring pressin lr against. the piston and tending to open the valve.

In testimony whereof, I aliix nrr signature, in the presenee ot' two witnesses.

JOSEPH C. GASKILL.

iVitnesses: v

ALBERT BRADLEY, GEO; C. VAFTER. 

